Several magnificent churches honored the 200,000 Russian soldiers who died in 1877-78 to liberate Bulgaria from almost 500 years of Turkish Ottoman rule. Russia owes much of its language and heritage to the Bulgarian tsars. In turn, short on oil and gas, Bulgaria has also greatly relied on Russia for natural resources. Shown here are the huge Alexander Nevski Memorial (first below, built 1882-1912), St. Nicholas Church (built in 1914), and the Shipka Monastery (last below), built near the bloodiest battle of the 1877 war of liberation.
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